Tuesday, August 11, 2020

The boondoggle in research, including suicide research

THE BOONDOGGLE IN RESEARCH, INCLUDING SUICIDE RESEARCH

 

David Lester

 

            There was a senator from Wisconsin, William Proxmire (1915-2005), who agitated against government wasteful spending. He instituted a Gold Fleece Award in which he would highlight research projects that seemed useless (such as $84,000 for a study on why people fall in love).

            This entry in my blog is about this topic in suicide research. A friend of mine is a firefighter/EMT (she is Katie’s sister for those of you who know my book Katie’s Diary), and she suggested we work on suicides among firefighters. I began a review of what has been written, and I found that almost all articles calculate that firefighters have a low suicide rate (SMRs less than one).

            Of course, at the personal level, the suicide by any colleague can be distressing, and certainly organizations of firefighters have expressed concern about suicide in their ranks, as should any guild or union. There are occupations for which the suicide rate is very high. Stack (2001) reported that dentists, artists, machinists, auto-mechanics and carpenters had high suicide rates.[1]

            Therefore, it is surprising to find government-funded research on mild suicidal behaviour (ideation and attempts) among firefighters. For example, a grant from Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs was used in part to fund a study which found that a history of physical and sexual abuse was more often found in suicidal firefights than in non-suicidal fighters (Hom, et al., 2016). This is an association that has long been known and well-documented. The research was also used to test Joiner’s theory of suicide in this group, and whether this research is a valid test of Joiner’s theory is another issue (see Lester, 2013). Joiner’s theory can be tested (and has been) in any group of individuals, undergraduate students are as a good a group as any, and none of these studies are methodologically sound tests of the theory.[2]

            Recently (in 2019 and 2020), four elite economists have died by suicide, two of whom were tenured at Harvard University.[3] There will be no government grants to study suicide in elite, white males. The American Economic Association is going to have to fund any research on the topic.

            Of course, even funded research that may deserve the Golden Fleece Award may by useful. It helps graduate students pay their fees and living expenses and employs research assistants and post-docs. And perhaps funding psychological and sociological research is better than giving additional government funds to the DEA.

References

 Hom, M. A., Matheny, N. L., Stanley, I. h., Rogers, M. L., Cougle, J. R., & Joiner, T. E. (2016). Examining physical and sexual abuse histories as correlates of suicide risk among firefighters. Journal. of Traumatic Stress, 30, 672-681.

Joiner, T. E. (2005). Why people die by suicide. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lester, D. (Ed.) (2004). Katie’s diary: unlocking the mystery of a suicide. New York: Brunner-Routledge.

Lester, D. (2013). Irrational thinking in suicidal individuals. Suicidologi, 18(2), 18-21.

Stack, S. (2001). Occupation and suicide. Social Science Quarterly, 82. 384-396.

 



[1] Clerks, elementary school teachers and cooks had low suicide rates.

[2] There are many reasons why this true, one of which is that the theory needs to be tested on those who have died by suicide.


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